List-I
(Pollutants)List-II
(Impact)A. Mercury I. Respiratory problems - Lungs Cancer B. Nickel II. Mental retardation affects brain- Neuro toxins C. Cadmium III. Damages to the nervous systems and kidneys- Minamata disease D. Lead IV. Cardiovascular diseases in human- Kidney damage
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Pollutants and Their Environmental Impacts Explained
This question requires matching specific pollutants (List-I) with their corresponding environmental or health impacts (List-II). Understanding these links is crucial in environmental science.
Understanding the Lists
Here are the lists provided:
List-I: Pollutants- A. Mercury
- B. Nickel
- C. Cadmium
- D. Lead
- I. Respiratory problems - Lungs Cancer
- II. Mental retardation affects brain - Neuro toxins
- III. Damages to the nervous systems and kidneys - Minamata disease
- IV. Cardiovascular diseases in human - Kidney damage
Matching Pollutants to Impacts
Let's analyze each pollutant from List-I and find its correct impact from List-II:
Mercury is famously associated with Minamata disease, a severe neurological disorder caused by severe mercury poisoning. This impact involves significant damage to the nervous system and kidneys. Therefore, Mercury (A) matches with impact III.
Exposure to nickel and its compounds can lead to various health issues, primarily affecting the respiratory system. It is known to cause irritation and can be linked to respiratory problems and potentially lung cancer with prolonged or high exposure. Therefore, Nickel (B) matches with impact I.
Cadmium is a heavy metal that accumulates in the body, particularly in the kidneys, leading to significant kidney damage. Chronic exposure is also linked to bone disease and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, Cadmium (C) matches with impact IV.
Lead is a well-known neurotoxin, especially harmful to children. Exposure can lead to serious developmental issues, including learning disabilities and mental retardation, by affecting brain development and function. Therefore, Lead (D) matches with impact II.
Correct Matching Summary
Based on the analysis, the correct pairings are:
- Mercury (A) - III (Minamata disease)
- Nickel (B) - I (Respiratory problems)
- Cadmium (C) - IV (Cardiovascular diseases/Kidney damage)
- Lead (D) - II (Neuro toxins/Mental retardation)
This corresponds to the matching sequence A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
| List-I (Pollutant) | List-II (Impact) |
|---|---|
| A. Mercury | III. Damages to the nervous systems and kidneys- Minamata disease |
| B. Nickel | I. Respiratory problems - Lungs Cancer |
| C. Cadmium | IV. Cardiovascular diseases in human- Kidney damage |
| D. Lead | II. Mental retardation affects brain- Neuro toxins |
Important Questions from Environmental Pollution and Control
A 500 MW coal based power station is operating at an efficiency of 30%. If the coal has 1% of sulphur content and 1 tonne of coal produces 8000 kWh energy, how much SO2 will be emitted daily by the plant?
Name the low heat thermal process that destroys the pathogen in biomedical waste by heating that occurs inside the waste material.
Arrange the following functional elements of solid waste management in the order in which they appear :
(i) On-site handling, storage and processing
(ii) Collection
(iii) Process recovery
(iv) Transfer and transport
Choose the correct answer from the code given below :
The dominant mechanism(s) of deposition of aerosol particles in the size range 5 -10 μm in the respiratory tract are
(i) Sedimentation
(ii) Impaction
(iii) Diffusion
Choose the correct answer from the code given below :
A tributary flowing at a rate of 4 m3/s converges into a river flowing at a rate of 8.0 m3/s. The concentration of a pollutant 'X' at the upstream of the tributary before convergence was 12 mg/L and that of the river was 30 mg/L. If the pollutant X is completely mixed in the downstream, what would be its concentration?
