In which year, the Indian Government made education free and compulsory for all children between 6 to 14 years?
2009
Understanding Free and Compulsory Education in India
The question asks about the year when the Indian Government made education free and compulsory for all children between 6 to 14 years. This significant step in the Indian education system is linked to a specific Act of Parliament.
The Right to Education Act
In India, the provision for free and compulsory education for children is primarily governed by The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. This Act is commonly known as the Right to Education Act (RTE Act).
Key points about the RTE Act:
- It was enacted by the Parliament of India.
- It describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years in India.
- The Act makes education a fundamental right for every child in this age group.
Constitutional Basis
The RTE Act finds its basis in the Indian Constitution. Article 21A was inserted into the Constitution by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002. This article states that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.
The RTE Act of 2009 is the law that gives effect to this fundamental right enshrined in Article 21A.
Year of Enactment
While the constitutional amendment (86th) paving the way for this right was in 2002, the actual Act making education free and compulsory for children aged 6-14 years was passed in 2009.
Let's look at the options provided:
- 2001
- 2005
- 2009
- 2011
Based on the historical development and enactment of the Right to Education Act, the year it was passed and made education free and compulsory for the specified age group is 2009.
Conclusion
The Indian Government made education free and compulsory for all children between 6 to 14 years through the enactment of The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act in the year 2009.
| Key Event | Year | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 86th Constitutional Amendment Act | 2002 | Introduced Article 21A, making education a fundamental right. |
| Right to Education (RTE) Act passed | 2009 | Provided the legal framework to implement the right to free and compulsory education. |
Revision Table: Free and Compulsory Education in India
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Age Group Covered | 6 to 14 years |
| Nature of Education | Free and Compulsory |
| Constitutional Basis | Article 21A (inserted by 86th Amendment Act, 2002) |
| Implementing Legislation | Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act |
| Year of RTE Act Enactment | 2009 |
Additional Information: Article 21A and Education Rights
Article 21A is a cornerstone for ensuring elementary education in India. It places a constitutional obligation on the State to provide this education.
- It is a fundamental right under Part III of the Constitution.
- It applies specifically to elementary education (ages 6-14).
- The RTE Act of 2009 operationalized this right, laying down specific duties for the government, local authorities, and parents, and norms and standards for schools.
- Before this, education was mentioned in Directive Principles (Article 45), which were not enforceable by courts. The 86th Amendment elevated it to a fundamental right.
- This move was aimed at achieving the goal of universal elementary education in the country.
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