Understanding the Poorna Swaraj Resolution

The question asks about the specific session of the Indian National Congress where the resolution for Poorna Swaraj, meaning complete independence, was adopted as the primary objective.

Poorna Swaraj represented a shift from the earlier goal of dominion status within the British Empire to demanding full freedom and sovereignty for India.

Analyzing the Indian National Congress Sessions

Let's examine the options provided to determine which session is correctly associated with the Poorna Swaraj resolution:

• Madras Session (1927 AD): While significant resolutions were passed here, including one calling for boycotting the Simon Commission, the resolution for 'complete independence' (though sometimes interpreted differently than Poorna Swaraj) was also discussed and passed, but it was not the formal declaration of Poorna Swaraj as the ultimate goal adopted with the same force and widespread recognition as later.
• Lahore Session (1929 AD): This session is widely recognized as the turning point where the Indian National Congress officially declared Poorna Swaraj as its ultimate goal. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over this historic session. A pledge of independence was drafted and decided to be celebrated on January 26th each year.
• Karachi Session (1931 AD): This session, presided over by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, approved the Gandhi-Irwin Pact and adopted resolutions on Fundamental Rights and National Economic Programme. While crucial, it was after the Poorna Swaraj resolution had been declared.
• Calcutta Session (1928 AD): This session was significant, but it upheld the demand for Dominion Status within a year. If the government did not grant it by then, the Congress would launch a nationwide struggle for complete independence. This was a step towards Poorna Swaraj but not the final declaration of it as the immediate goal.

The Historic Lahore Session 1929

The Indian National Congress session held in Lahore in 1929 is a landmark event in India's independence movement. Under the presidentship of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Congress officially abandoned the demand for Dominion Status and adopted Poorna Swaraj (complete independence) as its ultimate objective. It was also decided that January 26, 1930, would be observed as 'Independence Day' throughout the country, and a pledge of independence was read out on that day. This declaration galvanized the national movement and set the stage for future struggles.

Based on the historical records, the resolution of Poorna Swaraj as the ultimate goal was passed in the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929 AD.

Summary of Congress Sessions and Goals

Therefore, the correct answer is the Lahore Session (1929 AD).

Revision Table: Key Indian National Congress Sessions

Additional Information on Poorna Swaraj and Independence Day

The declaration of Poorna Swaraj was a pivotal moment, clearly stating India's aspiration for full independence from British rule. The pledge taken on January 26, 1930, emphasized the inherent right of the Indian people to have freedom and control their own destiny. This day was celebrated as Independence Day until India achieved actual independence on August 15, 1947. After independence, January 26th was chosen as the date for the Indian Constitution to come into effect (in 1950) to honor the historical significance of the first Poorna Swaraj Day, and it is now celebrated as Republic Day.