Solving Letter Analogy Questions

This question is a letter analogy problem. In such problems, a specific relationship exists between the first pair of letters. We need to identify this relationship and apply it to the second pair of letters to find the missing term.

Analyzing the First Pair: REKM to UHNP

Let's examine the transformation from REKM to UHNP letter by letter. We can determine the relationship by looking at the alphabetical position of each letter.

• R is the 18th letter of the alphabet. U is the 21st letter. The difference is $21 - 18 = 3$. So, R moves to U by adding 3 to its position.
• E is the 5th letter. H is the 8th letter. The difference is $8 - 5 = 3$. So, E moves to H by adding 3 to its position.
• K is the 11th letter. N is the 14th letter. The difference is $14 - 11 = 3$. So, K moves to N by adding 3 to its position.
• M is the 13th letter. P is the 16th letter. The difference is $16 - 13 = 3$. So, M moves to P by adding 3 to its position.

The pattern observed is consistently adding 3 to the alphabetical position of each letter in REKM to get the corresponding letter in UHNP.

Applying the Pattern to the Second Term: PKDL

Now, we apply the same $+3$ rule to each letter in PKDL to find the related letters.

• P is the 16th letter. Adding 3 to its position gives $16 + 3 = 19$. The 19th letter is S.
• K is the 11th letter. Adding 3 to its position gives $11 + 3 = 14$. The 14th letter is N.
• D is the 4th letter. Adding 3 to its position gives $4 + 3 = 7$. The 7th letter is G.
• L is the 12th letter. Adding 3 to its position gives $12 + 3 = 15$. The 15th letter is O.

Applying the pattern $+3$ to PKDL results in SNGO.

Comparing with Options

We compare our result SNGO with the given options:

• Option 1: SNGO
• Option 2: SGNO
• Option 3: SNOG
• Option 4: MHAG

Our derived term, SNGO, matches Option 1.

Conclusion

The relationship between REKM and UHNP is that each letter's alphabetical position is increased by 3. Applying this same rule to PKDL gives us SNGO.

Revision Table: Letter Analogy Concepts

Understanding letter positions and patterns is key to solving letter analogy and series questions. Here’s a quick reference.

Additional Information on Letter Patterns

Letter analogy problems often involve various types of patterns. Recognizing these patterns helps in solving such questions efficiently.

• Positional Shift: Letters are shifted forward or backward by a fixed number of positions (like the $+3$ pattern here). The shift might be the same for all letters or vary in a specific sequence (e.g., $+1, -2, +3, -4$).
• Alphabetical Order: The pattern might relate to consecutive letters in the alphabet or alternating letters.
• Reverse Alphabetical Order: Sometimes the relationship is based on the position from the end of the alphabet (Z=1, Y=2, etc.).
• Opposite Letters: Pairs of letters might be opposite to each other (e.g., A is opposite Z, B is opposite Y). These are letters equidistant from the beginning and end of the alphabet.
• Vowel/Consonant Patterns: The transformation might depend on whether a letter is a vowel or a consonant.
• Combination of Patterns: More complex problems might combine two or more of these rules.

Practicing different types of letter analogy and series questions helps in quickly identifying the underlying pattern.