Solving Letter Analogy Problems

This question asks us to find the relationship between two sets of letters and apply that same relationship to a third set to find the missing part of the analogy. The given analogy is GHI : DFH ∷ LMN : ?

Analyzing the Relationship: GHI to DFH

Let's look at the position of each letter in the English alphabet:

• G is the 7th letter.
• H is the 8th letter.
• I is the 9th letter.

So, GHI corresponds to positions 7, 8, 9.

Now let's look at DFH:

• D is the 4th letter.
• F is the 6th letter.
• H is the 8th letter.

So, DFH corresponds to positions 4, 6, 8.

Let's find the pattern by comparing the positions of corresponding letters:

• G (7th) to D (4th): The difference is $7 - 4 = 3$. The position decreases by 3.
• H (8th) to F (6th): The difference is $8 - 6 = 2$. The position decreases by 2.
• I (9th) to H (8th): The difference is $9 - 8 = 1$. The position decreases by 1.

The pattern is a consecutive decrease in the letter position: -3, -2, -1 for the first, second, and third letters respectively.

Applying the Pattern to LMN

Now we need to apply the same pattern to the letters LMN.

• L is the 12th letter.
• M is the 13th letter.
• N is the 14th letter.

We apply the pattern (-3, -2, -1) to these positions:

• For the first letter L (12th): $12 - 3 = 9$. The 9th letter is I.
• For the second letter M (13th): $13 - 2 = 11$. The 11th letter is K.
• For the third letter N (14th): $14 - 1 = 13$. The 13th letter is M.

Following this pattern, LMN relates to the letters IKM.

Verifying the Options

Let's check the options provided based on our derived letters IKM:

1. IMK
2. JLM
3. ILM
4. IKM

Our result, IKM, matches option 4.

Therefore, the letters related to LMN in the same way GHI is related to DFH are IKM.

Letter Analogy Solution Summary

The pattern in the letter analogy GHI : DFH is a decrease in alphabetical position by 3, then 2, then 1. Applying this pattern to LMN (12th, 13th, 14th) gives (12-3=9th, 13-2=11th, 14-1=13th), which corresponds to the letters I, K, M. Thus, LMN is related to IKM.

Revision Table: Letter Analogy Practice

Practicing letter analogy questions helps improve logical reasoning skills. Understanding alphabetical positions and common patterns like adding/subtracting positions or skipping letters is crucial.

Additional Information: Types of Letter Series and Analogies

Letter series and analogies can follow various patterns. Some common types include:

• Adding or subtracting a fixed number from letter positions (e.g., A+1=B).
• Adding or subtracting a varying number from letter positions (like in this problem: -3, -2, -1).
• Skipping a fixed number of letters (e.g., A, C, E... skipping one letter).
• Reversing the order of letters.
• Vowel/consonant patterns.
• Combining different patterns.

Identifying the specific pattern is key to solving letter analogy and letter series problems effectively.