Solving the Letter Analogy: GHIJ : HJJL :: NOPQ : ?

This question is a letter analogy problem. We need to find the relationship between the first pair of letters (GHIJ and HJJL) and apply the same relationship to the second set of letters (NOPQ) to find the missing term.

Analyzing the Pattern in GHIJ to HJJL

Let's look at the position of each letter in the alphabet and the change from GHIJ to HJJL:

• G is the 7th letter. H is the 8th letter. The change is +1.
• H is the 8th letter. J is the 10th letter. The change is +2.
• I is the 9th letter. J is the 10th letter. The change is +1.
• J is the 10th letter. L is the 12th letter. The change is +2.

The pattern of the shift for each corresponding letter is +1, +2, +1, +2.

Applying the Pattern to NOPQ

Now, we apply the same +1, +2, +1, +2 pattern to the letters in NOPQ:

• N is the 14th letter. N + 1 position is the 15th letter, which is O.
• O is the 15th letter. O + 2 positions is the 17th letter, which is Q.
• P is the 16th letter. P + 1 position is the 17th letter, which is Q.
• Q is the 17th letter. Q + 2 positions is the 19th letter, which is S.

Combining these results, NOPQ becomes OQQS.

Comparing with Options

Let's check if OQQS matches any of the given options:

The derived letters OQQS match Option 1.

Conclusion on the Letter Analogy

Based on the pattern observed in the first pair (GHIJ : HJJL), applying the same pattern (+1, +2, +1, +2) to NOPQ results in OQQS. Therefore, the related letters are OQQS.

Revision Table: Key Points for Letter Analogy

Additional Information on Letter Series and Analogy

Letter series and analogy questions are common in reasoning tests. They require you to identify a logical rule or pattern governing a sequence or a relationship between letters. Here are some common types of patterns you might encounter:

• Position Shift: Adding or subtracting a fixed number or a varying sequence of numbers to the alphabetical position of letters.
• Skipping Letters: Skipping a certain number of letters in the alphabet between consecutive terms.
• Reverse Alphabetical Order: Patterns based on the alphabet read backward (Z=1, Y=2, ...).
• Vowel/Consonant Pattern: Patterns based on the position or alternation of vowels and consonants.
• Combination of Rules: Sometimes, a combination of these rules might be applied within a single series or analogy.

To solve these questions effectively, it's helpful to be familiar with the alphabetical order and practice identifying different types of patterns quickly.