Understanding the Coding Logic

This problem falls under the category of coding-decoding questions, often found in reasoning tests. The task is to decipher a code where letters are represented by digits. We are given two examples: 'MOST' is coded as '9613', and 'STOP' is coded as '4319'. We need to find the code for the letter 'P' based on these examples.

Analyzing the Given Codes

Let's break down the information provided:

• Word: MOST → Code: 9613
• Word: STOP → Code: 4319

We need to figure out the relationship between the letters in the words and the digits in their codes.

Identifying Common Letters and Digits

A key strategy in these types of puzzles is to look for common elements between the given examples. Let's list the letters and digits involved:

• Letters in MOST: {M, O, S, T}
• Digits in code 9613: {9, 6, 1, 3}
• Letters in STOP: {S, T, O, P}
• Digits in code 4319: {4, 3, 1, 9}

Now, let's compare:

• Common Letters present in both 'MOST' and 'STOP' are O, S, and T.
• Common Digits found in both codes '9613' and '4319' are 1, 3, and 9.

This comparison strongly suggests that the group of letters {O, S, T} corresponds to the group of digits {1, 3, 9}. Each letter within {O, S, T} must be assigned one digit from {1, 3, 9}.

Deducing Unique Letter Codes

With the common letters and digits identified, we can now focus on the unique elements in each pair:

• In the word MOST, the letter M is present, but it is not in 'STOP'. Looking at the digits, the digit 6 is in the code '9613' but is not among the common digits {1, 3, 9}. This implies that M is coded as 6.
• Similarly, in the word STOP, the letter P is present, which is not in 'MOST'. The digit 4 is in the code '4319' but is not among the common digits {1, 3, 9}. This indicates that P is coded as 4.

Based on this deduction, we have established the following codes:

• M = 6
• P = 4
• The letters {O, S, T} map to the digits {1, 3, 9} in some specific, though undetermined, order.

Determining the Code for 'P'

The question asks specifically for the code assigned to the letter 'P'. Our analysis has directly identified this mapping.

Therefore, the code for 'P' is 4.