Water Consumption Peak Demand Calculation

The question asks us to find the maximum hourly demand of the maximum day, also known as the peak hourly demand, given the annual average daily water consumption of a city.

Average annual daily water consumption is given as 48000 cubic meters per day.

To calculate the peak hourly demand, we use standard thumb rules or peak factors applied to the average daily demand. A common method is to consider the peak hourly demand as 2.7 times the average hourly demand based on the annual average daily consumption.

First, let's find the average hourly demand from the average daily consumption:

Average Hourly Demand = $\frac{\text{Annual Average Daily Consumption}}{\text{24 hours}}$

Given, Annual Average Daily Consumption = 48000 cubic meters

Average Hourly Demand = $\frac{48000 \text{ m}^3}{24 \text{ hours}}$

Average Hourly Demand = 2000 m$^3$/hour

Now, we apply the peak factor to find the maximum hourly demand (peak demand). The peak factor for maximum hourly demand based on average daily demand is typically taken as 2.7.

Maximum Hourly Demand = Peak Factor $\times$ Average Hourly Demand

Maximum Hourly Demand = $2.7 \times 2000 \text{ m}^3/\text{hour}$

Maximum Hourly Demand = $5400 \text{ m}^3/\text{hour}$

This calculated value represents the peak demand.

Let's compare this result with the given options:

• Option 1: 2700 cum/hour
• Option 2: 2000 cum/hour (This is the average hourly demand)
• Option 3: 5400 cum/hour
• Option 4: 1500 cum/hour

Our calculated maximum hourly demand is 5400 cum/hour, which matches Option 3.

Therefore, the maximum hourly demand of the maximum day (Peak demand) is 5400 cubic meters per hour.