This solution explains how to determine the critical damping coefficient for a mechanical vibrating system. The critical damping coefficient ($c_c$) is the minimum value of damping required to prevent oscillations in a system after a disturbance.
We are provided with the following information about the vibrating system:
Before calculating the critical damping coefficient, we first need to find the natural frequency ($\omega_n$) of the undamped system. The formula for natural frequency is:
$$ \omega_n = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} $$
Substituting the given values:
$$ \omega_n = \sqrt{\frac{30 \times 10^3 \, \text{N/m}}{50 \, \text{kg}}} $$
$$ \omega_n = \sqrt{600 \, \text{s}^{-2}} $$
$$ \omega_n \approx 24.495 \, \text{rad/s} $$
The critical damping coefficient ($c_c$) is calculated using the formula that relates it to the mass ($m$) and the natural frequency ($\omega_n$):
$$ c_c = 2m\omega_n $$
Now, we plug in the values for mass and the calculated natural frequency:
$$ c_c = 2 \times (50 \, \text{kg}) \times (24.495 \, \text{rad/s}) $$
$$ c_c = 100 \, \text{kg} \times 24.495 \, \text{s}^{-1} $$
$$ c_c \approx 2449.5 \, \text{kg/s} $$
The unit kg/s is equivalent to N/(m/s) or Ns/m for the damping coefficient.
Based on the calculations, the critical damping coefficient for the given system is approximately 2449.5 N/m/s. This value is very close to option 3.
Let's compare our calculated value with the given options:
| Option Number | Value (N/m/s) | Calculation Match |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3295 | No |
| 2 | 2750 | No |
| 3 | 2450 | Yes (approx. 2449.5) |
| 4 | 3735 | No |
The calculated value closely matches option 3.
______ is defined as the ratio of the actual damping coefficient to a critical damping coefficient.
A spring-mass-damper system having single degree of freedom has a spring with strength 25 kN/m, mass 0.1 kg and coefficient of damping 40 N-s/m. The damping factor of the system will be
The damping ratio for a viscously damped spring mass system, governed by the relationship is \(m\frac{{{d^2}x}}{{d{t^2}}} + c\frac{{dx}}{{dt}} + kx = F\) given by