Read the passage given below and answer the questions (151-158) that follow : 1. Chocoholics no longer need to feel guilty about their desire for chocolate. They are simply the victim of the genes, scientists have found. The so called “sweet-tooth gene" has been identified by separate teams of researchers and helps explain why some find it harder to resist chocolate bars and cream cakes. It also raises the possibility of designing a drug which could “switch off" the gene and help people resist sugary foods. Children, in particular, risk their health by eating too many sweets and chocolates.
2. To identify the gene, research teams conducted almost identical experiments using mice which have differences in their ability to taste sweet foods. One of the team members said “A sweet taste receptor recognises the sweet content of food and initiates a cascade of events which signals to the brain that a sweet food has been eaten." He further added, “The same gene exists in humans, so it means that if your parents have a sweet tooth then you probably will as well”.
3. He said, "We have always known that some people have a sweeter tooth than others. But it has also been proved that if you are gradually exposed to less sugar, then the body becomes accustomed to less. They will be satisfied with a lower level of sweetness. Doctors warn against any form of gene therapy which seeks to deactivate the sweet gene. "We have produced this gene through evolution because sweet foods in nature are not poisonous, they give us energy. We all need to have some sugar in our diet," claim scientists. US researchers are using this discovery to develop artificial sweeteners without any after-taste.
Identify parts of speech of the underlined words in the given sentence :
‘Doctors warn against any form of gene therapy which seeks to deactivate the sweet gene'.
Parts of Speech Analysis for Key Words
This question requires us to identify the grammatical role, or part of speech, for specific words within a given sentence from the provided passage. The sentence in focus is: 'Doctors warn against any form of gene therapy which seeks to deactivate the sweet gene'. Based on the options and the correct answer, the underlined words are 'against' and 'sweet'.
Analyzing the Word 'against'
The word 'against' appears in the phrase 'Doctors warn against any form of gene therapy'. In this context, 'against' functions to show the relationship between the verb 'warn' and the object 'any form of gene therapy'. It indicates opposition or disapproval. Words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in the sentence are typically prepositions. Therefore, 'against' is a preposition.
Analyzing the Word 'sweet'
The word 'sweet' is used in the phrase 'the sweet gene'. Here, 'sweet' is used to describe the noun 'gene'. It tells us what kind of gene it is – one related to sweetness. Words that modify or describe nouns are called adjectives. Thus, 'sweet' in this sentence is an adjective.
Conclusion on Parts of Speech
Based on the analysis:
- The part of speech for 'against' is preposition.
- The part of speech for 'sweet' is adjective.
Therefore, the correct identification of the parts of speech for the underlined words is preposition and adjective.
Important Questions from Reading Comprehension
Why, according to the writer can't people be motivated to use a resource prudently?
1. They feel that others may overuse the resource
2. It is possible to substitute the resource
3. Abundance of the resource availability
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
When do people use resources exhaustively?
The self-interest of people affects the use of renewable resources
People rooted in a locality
Which among the following is closest in meaning with the word 'deplete'?
