Identify A, B, C and D in the following table:
Name of the salt Salt obtained from Acid Base Ammonium chloride HCl A Sodium nitrate $HNO_3$ B Sodium chloride C D
Choose the correct option.
Analyzing the Salt Formation Table
The question asks us to identify the components A, B, C, and D in a table that describes the formation of different chemical salts from acids and bases. Let's analyze the formation of each salt.
| Name of the salt | Salt obtained from | Acid | Base |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonium chloride | $NH_4Cl$ | HCl | A |
| Sodium nitrate | $NaNO_3$ | $HNO_3$ | B |
| Sodium chloride | $NaCl$ | C | D |
Identifying Component A: Base for Ammonium Chloride
The first salt listed is Ammonium chloride ($NH_4Cl$). The table specifies that it is formed from Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and a base represented by 'A'.
Ammonium chloride is formed by the reaction between ammonia (or its aqueous form, ammonium hydroxide) and hydrochloric acid.
The general reaction is:
$$ NH_3 + HCl \rightarrow NH_4Cl $$
Or using the aqueous form:
$$ NH_4OH + HCl \rightarrow NH_4Cl + H_2O $$
In the context of identifying the base component responsible for the ammonium ion ($NH_4^+$), Ammonia ($NH_3$) is often used, representing the fundamental basic substance.
Therefore, A = $NH_3$.
Identifying Component B: Base for Sodium Nitrate
The second salt is Sodium nitrate ($NaNO_3$). The table indicates it's formed from Nitric acid ($HNO_3$) and a base represented by 'B'.
Sodium nitrate is formed when nitric acid reacts with a sodium-containing base. The most common base used is Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
The reaction is:
$$ HNO_3 + NaOH \rightarrow NaNO_3 + H_2O $$
The base component that provides the sodium ion ($Na^+$) is Sodium hydroxide.
Therefore, B = NaOH.
Identifying Components C and D: Acid and Base for Sodium Chloride
The third salt is Sodium chloride ($NaCl$), commonly known as table salt. The table shows it is formed from an acid 'C' and a base 'D'.
Sodium chloride is typically formed from the reaction of a strong acid and a strong base. The standard reactants are Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
The reaction is:
$$ HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O $$
From this reaction, we can identify the acid and the base.
Therefore, C = HCl and D = NaOH.
Summary of Identified Components
By analyzing the formation of each salt, we have identified the missing components:
- A = $NH_3$
- B = NaOH
- C = HCl
- D = NaOH
This set of components corresponds to one of the provided options.
Important Questions from Concepts of Acids and Bases
Write the conjugate acids for the following Brönsted bases :
NH2-, NH3, HCOO-
The order of correct acidic strengths of halogen acids is
The base ionization constant, Kb, of ammonia in water is 1.8 × 10-5. The value of the acid ionization constant, Ka, of the conjugate acid, is closest to
- Which of the following chemical reaction is example for Lux-Flood definition ?
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