Grammar Analysis: Identifying Correct Sentences

To determine which sentences are grammatically correct, we need to carefully examine each one for proper subject-verb agreement. Subject-verb agreement is a fundamental rule in English grammar that states the verb in a sentence must agree in number (singular or plural) with its subject. This means a singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject takes a plural verb.

Sentence-wise Grammar Breakdown

• Sentence (i): "Arun and Aparna are here."

  The subject of this sentence is "Arun and Aparna." Since there are two individuals joined by the conjunction "and," this forms a compound subject, which is always considered plural. The verb used is "are," which is the plural form of the verb "to be." Because the plural subject "Arun and Aparna" correctly matches the plural verb "are," this sentence demonstrates proper subject-verb agreement.

  Therefore, sentence (i) is grammatically correct.

• Sentence (ii): "Arun and Aparna is here."

  Similar to sentence (i), the subject "Arun and Aparna" is plural. However, the verb used here is "is," which is the singular form of the verb "to be." A plural subject must always be paired with a plural verb. In this case, the plural subject "Arun and Aparna" does not agree with the singular verb "is."

  Therefore, sentence (ii) is grammatically incorrect. It should use "are" instead of "is."

• Sentence (iii): "Arun's families is here."

  In this sentence, the subject is "Arun's families." The noun "families" is the plural form of "family," indicating more than one family. The verb chosen is "is," which is a singular verb. The plural subject "families" does not agree with the singular verb "is." For this sentence to be grammatically correct, it would need the plural verb "are" (e.g., "Arun's families are here.").

  Therefore, sentence (iii) is grammatically incorrect.

• Sentence (iv): "Arun's family is here."

  The subject here is "Arun's family." The word "family" is a collective noun. Collective nouns refer to a group of people or things. When a collective noun refers to the group as a single, unified unit, it takes a singular verb. In this context, "Arun's family" is clearly being considered as one unit. The verb used is "is," which is the singular form of the verb "to be." Since the collective noun "family," treated as a singular unit, correctly matches the singular verb "is," this sentence exhibits proper subject-verb agreement.

  Therefore, sentence (iv) is grammatically correct.

Summary of Correct Sentences

Based on our detailed grammatical analysis focusing on subject-verb agreement, the sentences that are grammatically correct are:

• (i) Arun and Aparna are here.
• (iv) Arun's family is here.

Understanding these rules of subject-verb agreement is essential for constructing clear, precise, and grammatically sound sentences in English.