Understanding Natyashastra's Musical Instruments
The question asks about the number of kinds of musical instruments used in the Playhouse as mentioned in the ancient Indian treatise, the Natyashastra. The Natyashastra, attributed to Bharata Muni, is a foundational text on Indian performing arts, including music and theatre.
Instrument Classification in Natyashastra
According to the Natyashastra, musical instruments are broadly classified into four main categories based on how they produce sound. These four categories represent the different kinds of musical instruments discussed in the text, relevant to the context of performance and the Playhouse.
The Four Kinds of Instruments
The four primary classifications are:
- Tata Vadya (Stringed Instruments): Instruments that produce sound through vibrating strings. Examples include the lute and harp-like instruments.
- Avanaddha Vadya (Percussion Instruments): Instruments that produce sound by striking a stretched membrane (skin or similar material). This category includes drums of various types.
- Ghana Vadya (Solid or Idiophonic Instruments): Instruments that are often struck, shaken, or scraped, and produce sound from their own solid material without needing strings or membranes. Examples include cymbals and xylophones.
- Sushira Vadya (Wind Instruments): Instruments that produce sound through the vibration of air, typically by blowing into them. Examples include flutes and pipes.
Therefore, the Natyashastra mentions FOUR main kinds of musical instruments.
Conclusion on Playhouse Instruments
Based on the classification system detailed in the Natyashastra, there are FOUR distinct categories of musical instruments considered essential for performances, which would have been utilized within the context of the traditional Indian Playhouse.
Important Questions from Miscellaneous
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a 20 m high building with a speed of 12 m/s. It hits the ground at a distance R from the building. Taking g = 10 m/s2 and neglecting air resistance will give :
A sphere of volume V is made of a material with lower density than water. While on Earth, it floats on water with its volume f1V (f1 < 1) submerged. On the other hand, on a spaceship accelerating with acceleration a < g (g is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth) in outer space, its submerged volume in water is f2V. Then:
A railway wagon (open at the top) of mass M1 is moving with speed v1 along a straight track. As a result of rain, after some time it gets partially filled with water so that the mass of the wagon becomes M2 and speed becomes v2. Taking the rain to be falling vertically and the water stationery inside the wagon, the relation between the two speeds v1 and v2 is :
Consider the following statements:
1. Distance between the longitudes becomes zero on North Pole and South Pole.
2. Distance between the longitudes is maximum on the Equator.
3. Number of longitudes is more than number of latitudes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
One block of 2⋅0 kg mass is placed on top of another block of 3⋅0 kg mass. The coefficient of static friction between the two blocks is 0⋅2. The bottom block is pulled with a horizontal force F such that both the blocks move together without slipping. Taking acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2, the maximum value of the frictional force is :
