Read the following passages and respond to the questions that follow each passage. Your responses should be based on the passages. Hyderabad sits nestled amongst one of the oldest rock systems of the world. These granite rocks are 2500 million years old. Rain, sun and wind have for aeons, through their collective and continuous physical and chemical actions, worked them into weird shapes. Some appear perched upon each other so precariously that you feel some giant-children playing at house making must have kept them there. From times immemorial they have stayed like that without tumbling down. They will remain like that long after we are gone. Golconda Fort was once a mere hillock, a hump of a giant camel, a mass of scattered misshapen granite. It was sheer wilderness. There cow and goatherds used to graze cattle and sheep belonging to the nearby villages. It was so popular with graziers that it took the name of 'hillock of the graziers' - Golla Konda in Telugu, the local language. Golla Konda later on became 'Golconda'. Hyderabad is the daughter of Golconda Fort which stands in ruins now, eight kilometres away from the centre of the city. The fort was built about a thousand years ago, during the Kakatiya rule (AD 1000 - 1321) which had its capital at Warangal - a city about 150 kilometres to the north of Hyderabad. Rudramba Devi, queen of the Kakatiya dynasty, ruled for 34 years from AD 1262 to 1296. She withstood the combined attacks of the Pandyas, the Yadavas and the Hoysalas with the help of her grandson, Prataparudradeva who succeeded her (AD 1296 - 1323). He too was an illustrious ruler but was subjected to repeated attacks by the Sultans of Delhi: there were five during the two decades after AD 1303. Finally, he was defeated by Ulugh Khan, imprisoned and taken prisoner to Delhi. On the way he committed suicide. Ulugh Khan later became the Sultan of Hindustan, and is known as Mohammad Tughlaq. Since his empire had extended to the south, Delhi was no longer the centre of political gravity. He, therefore, ordered that the capital of India be shifted from Delhi to Daulatabad. For two decades this city remained the capital of India.
From the passage, it is clear that: a. Rudramba Devi had at least one son. b. Rudramba Devi was a widow. c. Rudramba Devi had at least one child..
Only c is correct
Analyzing the Passage about Hyderabad and Golconda Fort
The question asks what can be clearly understood about Rudramba Devi based on the provided passage. We need to examine each statement given in the options and see if the passage supports it.
Examining Statement (a): Rudramba Devi had at least one son.
The passage states, "She withstood the combined attacks... with the help of her grandson, Prataparudradeva who succeeded her (AD 1296 - 1323)."
Having a grandson means she had a child (either a son or a daughter) who then had a son. The passage mentions her grandson, Prataparudradeva, but it does not explicitly state whether his parent was Rudramba Devi's son or daughter. Therefore, based *only* on this passage, we cannot definitively conclude that Rudramba Devi had a son.
Examining Statement (b): Rudramba Devi was a widow.
The passage provides details about Rudramba Devi's rule, her dynasty, her grandson, and her successor. However, it provides no information whatsoever about her marital status. It does not mention if she was married, unmarried, or widowed.
Therefore, based *only* on this passage, we cannot conclude that Rudramba Devi was a widow.
Examining Statement (c): Rudramba Devi had at least one child.
The passage explicitly states that she had a grandson, Prataparudradeva. A grandson is the son of one's child. This means that in order for Rudramba Devi to have a grandson, she must necessarily have had at least one child (who was the parent of the grandson).
Therefore, based on the passage stating she had a grandson, it is clear that Rudramba Devi had at least one child.
Conclusion
Based on the detailed analysis of each statement in relation to the passage:
- Statement (a) is not clearly supported by the passage.
- Statement (b) is not mentioned or supported by the passage.
- Statement (c) is clearly supported by the passage as she had a grandson.
Thus, only statement (c) is clearly deductible from the provided text.
Important Questions from Passage Based Questions
- In this question, a passage is given followed by a statement. Read the passage carefully and judge the statement based on the given passage.
The Sahara's environment requires that the wildlife adapt to hyper-arid conditions, fierce winds, intense heat and wide temperature swings. In the Sahara, most mammals are relatively small, which helps to minimize water loss. They often meet their water needs from their diets. They take refuge in burrows during the day, hunting and foraging primarily at night, when temperatures are lower. They have developed anatomical adaptations such as the fennec fox's large ears, which help dissipate heat, and its hairy soles, which protect its feet. Altogether, the Sahara hosts some 70 species of mammals, 90 species of resident birds, 100 species of reptiles, and numerous species of arthropods. The wildlife is concentrated primarily along the less severe northern and southern margins and near desert water sources.
Statement:
The animals in the Sahara adapt to extreme dry conditions.
Choose the appropriate one from the following options
A - The statement is definitely true.
B - The statement is probably true.
C - The statement cannot be determined.
D - The statement is definitely false. In this question, a passage is given followed by a statement. Read the passage carefully and judge the statement based on the given passage.
This is a tremendous opportunity for the current side, arguably the most hyped India Test team of the modern era. In its past eight Tests outside Asia, this team has won two Tests and lost six. Redemption is needed. And Australia is the best place to seek it. The circumstances are different this time around.
No touring side in recent memory has had a better sniff at winning a series in Australia. This is not the rampant Australia of Steve Waugh and Ricky Ponting, the teams that swept aside all before them, and were terrors to play against on their home soil.
The current Australia team has lost three of the last five Test series it has played. Australia is enfeebled by the absence of their two best batsmen, Steve Smith and David Warner, both serving suspensions.Statement:
The author mentions 'Steve Waugh and Ricky Ponting' in this passage to express how strong the Australian team was before.Choose the appropriate one from the following options
A -The statement is definitely true
B -The statement is probably true
C -The statement is cannot be determined
D -The statement is definitely false- In this question, a passage is given followed by a statement. Read the passage carefully and judge the statement based on the given passage.
The Sahara's environment requires that the wildlife adapt to hyper-arid conditions, fierce winds, intense heat and wide temperature swings. In the Sahara, most mammals are relatively small, which helps to minimize water loss. They often meet their water needs from their diets. They take refuge in burrows during the day, hunting and foraging primarily at night, when temperatures are lower. They have developed anatomical adaptations such as the fennec fox's large ears, which help dissipate heat, and its hairy soles, which protect its feet. Altogether, the Sahara hosts some 70 species of mammals, 90 species of resident birds, 100 species of reptiles, and numerous species of arthropods. The wildlife is concentrated primarily along the less severe northern and southern margins and near desert water sources.
Statement:
The fennec foxes have hairy soles which help in dissipating heat.
Choose the appropriate one from the following options
A - The statement is definitely true.
B - The statement is probably true.
C - The statement cannot be determined.
D - The statement is definitely false. The Sahara's environment requires that the wildlife adapt to hyper-arid conditions, fierce winds, intense heat and wide temperature swings. In the Sahara, most mammals are relatively small, which helps to minimize water loss. They often meet their water needs from their diets. They take refuge in burrows during the day, hunting and foraging primarily at night, when temperatures are lower. They have developed anatomical adaptations such as the fennec fox's large ears, which help dissipate heat, and its hairy soles, which protect its feet. Altogether, the Sahara hosts some 70 species of mammals, 90 species of resident birds, 100 species of reptiles, and numerous species of arthropods. The wildlife is concentrated primarily along the less severe northern and southern margins and near desert water sources.
Statement:
The small size of the mammals in the Sahara is helpful in minimizing water loss.
Choose the appropriate one from the following options
A - The statement is definitely true.
B - The statement is probably true.
C - The statement cannot be determined.
D - The statement is definitely false.
In this question, a passage is given followed by a statement. Read the passage carefully and judge the statement based on the given passage.
This will probably make you want to visit Luxembourg on your next family vacation: The tiny EU country is seeking to make travel free on its trains, trams and buses as part of efforts to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. The re-elected coalition government of liberal Prime Minister Xavier Bettel said "free public transport will be introduced in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg's territory" from early 2020.
Georges Merenz, who heads the FNCTTFEL-Landesverband, Luxembourg's main transport union, expressed concerns that the government plan would lead to job losses if nobody was needed to sell tickets. "As long as it is not cleared up, we cannot accept that," Merenz told AFP. He added he was also concerned people in rural areas would not benefit from free travel.
Statement:
The government of Luxembourg is concerned about traffic congestion and air pollution.
Choose the appropriate one from the following options
A -The statement is definitely true
B -The statement is probably true
C -The statement is cannot be determined
D -The statement is definitely false
