Understanding Passive Voice Transformation

The question asks us to convert an active voice sentence into its passive form. The original sentence is: "Anant likes experimenting with different cuisines."

In English grammar, voice refers to the form of a verb that shows whether the subject of the sentence performs the action (active voice) or receives the action (passive voice).

Analyzing the Active Sentence

Let's break down the given active sentence:

• Subject: Anant
• Verb: likes (Present Simple tense)
• Object: experimenting with different cuisines (This is a gerund phrase acting as the object of the verb 'likes')

In the active voice, the subject "Anant" performs the action "likes" towards the object "experimenting with different cuisines".

Steps to Convert Active to Passive Voice

To change an active sentence to passive voice, we follow these general steps:

1. Identify the object of the active sentence. This object will become the subject of the passive sentence.
2. Identify the main verb and its tense in the active sentence.
3. Use the appropriate form of the verb 'to be' in the same tense as the active verb, followed by the past participle of the main verb.
4. The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence, usually introduced by the preposition 'by'.

Applying the Steps to the Sentence

Let's apply the steps to "Anant likes experimenting with different cuisines":

1. Object: "experimenting with different cuisines". This becomes the new subject.
2. Verb and Tense: "likes" is the main verb, in the Present Simple tense.
3. Passive Verb Form: For Present Simple tense, the passive form is 'is/am/are' + past participle. The past participle of 'like' is 'liked'. Since the new subject "experimenting with different cuisines" is treated as a single entity, we use 'is'. So, the passive verb phrase is "is liked".
4. Original Subject: "Anant". This becomes "by Anant".

Combining these parts, the passive sentence is: "Experimenting with different cuisines is liked by Anant."

Evaluating the Given Options

Let's look at the provided options and see which one matches our derived passive form:

• Option 1: Experimenting with different cuisines is liked by Anant. - This matches our analysis perfectly. The object of the active sentence ("experimenting with different cuisines") is the subject, the verb is in the correct passive form for Present Simple ("is liked"), and the original subject ("Anant") is in the "by" phrase.
• Option 2: Different cuisines are being experimented with by Anant. - This option uses a continuous passive form ("are being experimented with"), which does not match the simple present tense ("likes") of the original sentence. Also, the subject is just "Different cuisines", not the full gerund phrase which was the object.
• Option 3: Different cuisines like experimenting with Anant. - This option changes the meaning and structure completely. It is in the active voice and makes "Different cuisines" the subject and "Anant" part of the object phrase, which is incorrect.
• Option 4: Anant had liked experimenting with different cuisines. - This option is in the Past Perfect tense ("had liked") and remains in the active voice, with "Anant" as the subject. It does not represent a passive transformation of the original sentence.

Conclusion on Passive Voice

Based on the rules of voice transformation and the analysis of the options, Option 1 is the correct passive form of the given active sentence.

Revision Table: Active vs. Passive Voice Key Points

Additional Information on Gerunds and Passive Voice

In the original sentence, "experimenting with different cuisines" functions as a gerund phrase. A gerund (verb + -ing) acts as a noun. In this case, the entire phrase is the direct object of the verb "likes". When such a phrase is the object, it becomes the subject of the passive sentence, and the verb agreement depends on whether the phrase is treated as singular or plural. Gerund phrases are typically treated as singular entities.

It's important to identify the actual object that receives the action of the main verb ("likes"). Here, what Anant likes is the *activity* of experimenting with different cuisines, not the cuisines themselves. Therefore, the entire phrase "experimenting with different cuisines" must be the subject of the passive sentence.