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Question

Consider the following statements regarding seismic waves :
Statement 1: The seismic waves follow curved paths.
Statement 2: The velocity of seismic waves generally increases with depth the result of increasing pressure that squeezes the rock into a more compact, rigid material.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of above statements?

The correct answer is

Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

To solve this question, we need to evaluate both statements regarding seismic waves and determine their truthfulness and relationship.

  1. Statement 1 Analysis: "The seismic waves follow curved paths."
    • Seismic waves can travel through different layers of the Earth, and as they encounter changes in material properties, their speeds and paths are affected. This typically results in seismic waves following curved paths due to refraction and reflection processes within the Earth's layers.
    • Hence, Statement 1 is true.
  2. Statement 2 Analysis: "The velocity of seismic waves generally increases with depth the result of increasing pressure that squeezes the rock into a more compact, rigid material."
    • As depth increases, both pressure and temperature increase. However, the increase in pressure generally has a more direct impact on making materials more compact and rigid. In denser and more rigid mediums, seismic waves tend to travel faster.
    • Therefore, this statement is generally accepted as true.
  3. Evaluating the Relationship: When examining how these statements relate to each other:
    • Statement 2, which explains the increase in velocity with depth due to increased pressure, provides the reasoning for the curving paths of seismic waves. The changes in velocity at different depths lead to refraction, which is why seismic waves curve.
    • Therefore, Statement 2 is the correct explanation for Statement 1.
  4. Conclusion: The correct answer is: "Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1."
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