Harappan Plough Agriculture: Evidence Analysis

This question examines the knowledge of plough-based agriculture among the Harappans and the validity of specific evidence.

Evaluating Assertion (A)

Assertion (A) states that plough-based agriculture was known to the Harappans. Archaeological findings, such as evidence of ploughed fields at sites like Kalibangan, support this statement. Therefore, Assertion (A) is true.

Evaluating Reason (R)

Reason (R) points to a terracotta model of a plough found in the mature Harappan level at Banawali as evidence. Excavations at Banawali have indeed uncovered such a terracotta model, confirming its presence during the Harappan period.

Thus, Reason (R) is also true.

Relationship Between (A) and (R)

The discovery of a terracotta plough model at Banawali directly supports the assertion that the Harappans were familiar with ploughs and likely used them in agriculture. This finding serves as concrete evidence for Assertion (A).

Therefore, Reason (R) is a correct explanation for Assertion (A).

Conclusion

Both statements are true, and Reason (R) correctly explains Assertion (A).