Santhal Hool 1855-56 Statements Analysis

We will analyze each statement regarding the Santhal Hool (rebellion) of 1855-56 to determine their correctness.

Statement 1: The Santhals were in a desperate situation as tribal lands were leased out

This statement is correct. The Santhals faced severe economic distress due to the 'System of Dikus' (outsiders) – landlords, moneylenders, and traders. Their lands were increasingly alienated and leased out, leading to exploitation and a desperate situation for the tribal community.

Statement 2: The Santhal rebels were treated very leniently by British officials

This statement is incorrect. The British colonial government responded to the Santhal rebellion with significant force. The rebellion was brutally suppressed, leading to widespread casualties among the Santhals. Lenient treatment was not a characteristic of the British response.

Statement 3: Santhal inhabited areas were eventually constituted into separate administrative units called Santhal parganas

This statement is correct. As a consequence of the rebellion and recognizing the need for specific administrative measures, the British authorities created the Santhal Parganas district in 1855. This was done to provide a degree of administrative autonomy and address some of the grievances related to land and justice.

Statement 4: The Santhal rebellion was the only major rebellion in mid 19th century India

This statement is incorrect. While the Santhal Hool was a significant tribal uprising, it was not the *only* major rebellion during the mid-19th century in India. Other significant uprisings and revolts occurred during this period, notably the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis:

• Statement 1 is correct.
• Statement 2 is incorrect.
• Statement 3 is correct.
• Statement 4 is incorrect.

Therefore, the correct statements are 1 and 3. This corresponds to Option D.