Concept of inclusion requires
respect of diversity and individual differences
Inclusion in education means that all children, whatever their abilities, disabilities, gender, language, caste or socio-economic background, learn together in the same regular classroom. The school adapts its curriculum, pedagogy and assessment to the learner rather than expecting the learner to fit a fixed mould. NEP 2020 and the RTE Act 2009 frame this as equitable and inclusive education for every child.
The foundation of such a classroom is acceptance that learners differ from one another. A teacher who respects diversity and individual differences plans varied activities, uses multiple ways of representing ideas and allows different ways of showing learning, so that no child is excluded.
Standardised testing applies one uniform yardstick to every learner and ignores those differences. Teacher-centred pedagogy keeps the child passive and does not adjust to varied needs. Labelling and segregation of students is the direct opposite of inclusion, because it separates children into groups instead of bringing them together.
respect of diversity and individual differences option is correct.
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