Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Q. No. 46 - 50 Carpenters from time immemorial must have known that tree trunks have rings, which give rise to the grain in a piece of wood. We find them mentioned by associates of Aristotle, but Leonardo da Vinci was the first person to suggest that as trees grow, they add a new ring every year. Today, we understand that when spring arrives and Vegetation comes alive after the dormancy of winter, the cells just inside the bark of a tree start to be divided. They produce large, thin - walled cells that we see as the light - coloured material scientists call early wood. Later in the season, the growth slows down and the cells get smaller and thicker walled. This so called latewood looks darker and is what makes up the dark rings in a tree trunk. After the latewood forms, the tree becomes dormant again for the winter and the whole cycle repeats. The result is that many species carry in their trunks a series of alternating dark and light bands, each pair corresponding to a year's growth. These contrasting bands are most evident in conifers; distinctions between rings are not as pronounced in most temperate deciduous species and are absent in many tropical trees. Trees are living archives, carrying within their structure a record not only of their age but also of precipitation and temperature for each year in which a ring was formed. The record might also include the marks of forest fires, early frosts and, incorporated into the wood itself, chemical elements the tree removed from its environment. Thus, if we only knew how to unlock its secrets, a tree could tell us a great deal about what was happening in its neighbourhood from the time of its beginning. Trees can tell us what was happening before written records became available. They also have a great deal to tell us about our future. The records of past climate that they contain can help us to understand the natural forces that produce our weather and this, in turn can help us plan.
Complete the analogy.
Distinction: Distinct :: Structure: Structural
Wood: Wooden :: Cycle :
Analogy Explanation: Linking Word Forms
The question asks us to complete an analogy based on the relationship shown in the examples provided. Analogies test our understanding of relationships between words, often involving grammatical forms or concepts.
Analyzing the First Analogy Pair
The first pair given is: Distinction : Distinct.
- Distinction is a noun, referring to a difference or unlikeness between things.
- Distinct is the adjective form, meaning recognizably different or separate.
This pair shows a transformation from a noun to its corresponding adjective.
Analyzing the Second Analogy Pair (Given Part)
The second part of the analogy starts with: Wood : Wooden.
- Wood is a noun, referring to the material that forms the trunk and branches of a tree.
- Wooden is the adjective form, meaning made of wood.
This pair follows the same pattern: noun to adjective.
Completing the Analogy: Cycle to ?
We need to find the word that relates to Cycle in the same way that Distinct relates to Distinction and Wooden relates to Wood. This means we are looking for the adjective form of the noun Cycle.
Let's examine the options:
- Cyclic: This is the adjective form of 'cycle'. It means occurring in cycles; recurring. Example: "The project followed a cyclic pattern of development."
- Cycling: This is typically the present participle or gerund form of the verb 'cycle', often referring to the activity itself (e.g., "He enjoys cycling"). It is not the standard adjective form describing something related to a cycle.
- Encycle: This is not a recognized English word.
- Encycling: This is not a recognized English word.
Based on the established noun-to-adjective relationship, Cyclic is the correct word to complete the analogy.
Passage Context
The provided passage discusses the annual growth rings in trees, describing the repeating pattern of early wood and latewood formation each year. This process is inherently cyclic, reinforcing the relevance of this term.
Therefore, the analogy is completed as: Wood : Wooden :: Cycle : Cyclic.
Important Questions from Analogy
Select the option that is related to the third number in the same way as the second number is related to the first number.
12 : 60 :: 16 : ?
Select the option that is related to the third number in the same way as the second number is related to the first number.
16 : 144 :: 28 : ?
Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the following sets.
(NOTE: Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into its constituent digits. E.g. 13 - Operations on 13 such as adding / subtracting /multiplying etc. to 13 can be performed. Breaking down 13 into 1 and 3 and then performing mathematical operations on 1 and 3 is not allowed)
(42, 18, 3)
(36, 14, 4)
Select the option that is related to the fifth letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster and the fourth letter-cluster is related to the third letter-cluster.
ABILITY : LIBAYTI : : CHRONIC : ORHCCIN : : HEAVILY : ?
Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the following set.
(NOTE: Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into its constituent digits.)
(4, 50, 6)
(13, 128, 3)
