Understanding Word Meanings: Venal, Mercenary, and Wilful

Let's look at the meanings of the words provided to find those with similar senses:

• Venal: This word describes someone or something that is motivated or susceptible to bribery or corruption. It often implies being willing to act dishonestly in exchange for money or gain.
• Mercenary: This word describes someone who is primarily concerned with making money, often without considering ethics or principles. A mercenary person works purely for financial gain.
• Wilful: This word describes someone who is stubborn and determined to do exactly what they want, even if it is against the rules or consequences. It means deliberate or intentional.

Comparing Venal and Mercenary Meanings

When we compare the meanings of 'Venal' and 'Mercenary', we see a strong connection. Both words are used to describe a focus on financial gain, often in a negative or unethical way. A venal person is corrupt because they are open to being bought (motivated by money), while a mercenary person works purely for money, sometimes without regard for principles.

Both terms highlight the motivation by money or material gain as a primary driver of action or character.

Comparing Wilful Meaning

Now, let's look at 'Wilful'. The meaning of 'Wilful' is about being stubborn, intentional, or deliberate in one's actions. This meaning is quite different from being motivated by money or corruption. 'Wilful' relates to determination and intent, not financial gain.

Identifying Similar Meanings

Based on the definitions:

• Venal and Mercenary share a core idea of being motivated by money, often unethically.
• Wilful is about stubbornness and intent, which is different.

Therefore, the words with similar meanings are 'Venal' and 'Mercenary'.

Looking at the options:

• Option 1: (a) Venal and (c) Wilful - Meanings are different.
• Option 2: (b) Mercenary and (c) Wilful - Meanings are different.
• Option 3: (a) Venal and (b) Mercenary - Meanings are similar.
• Option 4: All of the above - Not correct as (c) Wilful is different.

The pair of words with similar meanings is (a) Venal and (b) Mercenary.