Let's analyze the given group of words: "A person appointed by two parties to solve a problem". This phrase describes someone who is brought in by opposing sides in a disagreement to help them find a resolution outside of a formal court setting. We need to find the single word that best fits this description from the given options.

Analyzing the Options

Let's look at what each word means:

• Jury: A group of people who listen to evidence in a legal case and give a verdict based on the facts presented. Juries are part of court trials and are not appointed by the two disputing parties themselves to solve their problem privately.
• Advocate: A person who speaks or writes in support of someone or something; typically, a lawyer who represents a client in court. An advocate represents one party, not a neutral person appointed by both parties to solve their problem together.
• Arbitrator: An independent person or body officially appointed to settle a dispute. This person is chosen by the parties involved in a disagreement to hear both sides and make a binding decision or recommendation to solve their problem.
• Judge: A public official authorized to hear and decide on cases in a court of law. Judges preside over court proceedings and apply the law, but they are not typically appointed directly by the two parties involved in a dispute outside the formal court structure.

Identifying the Correct Term

Comparing the definition with the options, the word "Arbitrator" perfectly matches the description of a person appointed by two parties to solve a problem or settle a dispute. Arbitration is a common method of alternative dispute resolution where parties agree to let an arbitrator make a decision after hearing evidence from both sides.

Based on this analysis, the word that substitutes the given group of words is Arbitrator.

Revision Table - Understanding Vocabulary

Additional Information - Alternative Dispute Resolution

Arbitration is a form of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). ADR methods are ways to solve problems and settle disputes outside of traditional court litigation. Other common ADR methods include:

• Mediation: A neutral third party (mediator) helps the disputing parties communicate and negotiate to reach their own agreement. The mediator does not make a decision for them.
• Negotiation: The parties involved in the dispute communicate directly with each other (or through representatives like lawyers) to try and reach a solution. There is no third party involved.

Arbitration differs from mediation and negotiation because the arbitrator typically makes a decision that the parties have agreed in advance to accept, making it similar to a court judgment but faster and less formal.