Abolition of Untouchability in the Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution is a foundational document that guarantees fundamental rights and strives for equality and social justice. One of the significant social evils addressed by the Constitution is untouchability.

Untouchability refers to a historical practice where certain groups were considered 'untouchable' and subjected to severe social discrimination, exclusion, and humiliation. The Constitution aimed to abolish this practice and ensure that all citizens are treated equally, regardless of their caste or background.

Identifying the Article Abolishing Untouchability

The Constitution of India explicitly addresses the abolition of untouchability under its Part III, which deals with Fundamental Rights. Different articles in this part cover various aspects of rights like equality, freedom, and protection against exploitation.

Let's look at the options provided:

• Article 14: This Article deals with Equality before Law and Equal Protection of Laws. It ensures that all persons are equal in the eyes of the law.
• Article 17: This Article specifically abolishes 'Untouchability' and forbids its practice in any form. It also states that the enforcement of any disability arising out of 'Untouchability' shall be an offence punishable by law.
• Article 19: This Article guarantees several freedoms, including freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.
• Article 21: This Article protects the fundamental right to Protection of Life and Personal Liberty.

Based on the provisions of these Articles, it is clear that Article 17 is the one that directly deals with the abolition of untouchability.

Understanding Article 17 and its Significance

Article 17 is a cornerstone of the Indian Constitution's commitment to social equality. It is not just a declaration but also mandates legal action against anyone practicing untouchability. Parliament has enacted laws like the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955, to give effect to Article 17 and penalize the practice of untouchability.

The abolition of untouchability under Article 17 is a significant step towards building an inclusive and equitable society, ensuring dignity and respect for all citizens.

Therefore, the Article of the constitution by which untouchability was removed is Article 17.

Revision Table: Untouchability Abolition

Additional Information: Fundamental Rights and Untouchability

Article 17 falls under the category of Fundamental Rights (Articles 12-35) in the Indian Constitution. Fundamental Rights are justiciable, meaning they can be enforced by the courts. The inclusion of the abolition of untouchability as a fundamental right highlights its importance in achieving social justice and equality.

The practice of untouchability is a violation of the right to equality (Article 14) and the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21), as it denies individuals dignity and equal opportunities. Article 17 provides a specific and strong constitutional mandate against this particular form of discrimination.

Laws like the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955, have been enacted by the Parliament to provide legal penalties and procedures for offenses related to untouchability, reinforcing the constitutional provision.