Understanding Communication Model Evolution

Communication models are theoretical frameworks developed to help understand the complex process of communication. These models have evolved significantly over time, moving from simple linear perspectives to more complex interactive and transactional views. Arranging them by their emergence helps trace the development of communication theory.

Analysis of Key Communication Models and Their Historical Context

Let's look at the communication models listed and their approximate periods of development:

• A. The Dance Model of Harold Dwight Lasswell: This designation likely refers to Harold Lasswell's influential linear model introduced in 1948. This model is summarized by the question "Who says what in which channel to whom with what effect?" It highlights the components of the communication act and its effects, viewing communication as a one-way flow.
• D. Interactive Model of Wilbur Schramm: Wilbur Schramm played a significant role in developing communication models. While he started with linear views, he later introduced the concept of feedback in the 1950s (around 1954-1955), leading to interactive models. His models showed communication as a two-way process where participants exchange messages and provide feedback.
• C. SMCR Model of David Kenneth Berlo: David Berlo's SMCR model (Source, Message, Channel, Receiver) is a detailed linear model based on Shannon and Weaver and Osgood and Schramm's work. It was presented in his 1960 book, "The Process of Communication". It focuses on the factors influencing the effectiveness of each component.
• B. Circular Model of Lee Thayer: Lee Thayer proposed a transactional or circular model of communication in the late 1960s. His model views communication as a dynamic and ongoing process where participants are simultaneously sending and receiving messages, emphasizing the complex interplay and interpretation involved.

Sequencing the Communication Models by Emergence

Based on the approximate timeframes when these models were introduced or gained prominence, we can establish a chronological sequence:

1. Harold Lasswell's Linear Model (A): 1948 (One of the earliest influential models)
2. Wilbur Schramm's Interactive Model (D): Mid-1950s (Introduced feedback)
3. David Kenneth Berlo's SMCR Model (C): 1960 (Detailed linear model)
4. Lee Thayer's Circular Model (B): Late 1960s (Transactional perspective)

Following this chronology, the correct sequence is A, D, C, B.

Correct Order of Communication Models

The chronological order of the emergence of these communication models is:

Revision Table: Key Communication Models Chronology

Additional Information: Types of Communication Models

Communication models can be generally classified into categories based on how they represent the flow of information:

• Linear Models: These are one-way models where communication flows from a sender to a receiver. They focus on the transmission of a message and its effect. Lasswell's and Berlo's SMCR models are examples.
• Interactive Models: These models introduce feedback, showing communication as a two-way process where participants take turns sending and receiving messages and responding. Schramm's model is a prime example.
• Transactional Models: These models view communication as a complex, ongoing process where participants are simultaneously sending and receiving messages. They emphasize the relationship, context, and simultaneous interpretation. Thayer's and Barnlund's models fit this category.

Conclusion on Communication Model Sequencing

Understanding the historical sequence of communication models reveals the progression of communication theory from simple transmission views to more dynamic and complex interactional perspectives. The correct chronological order is indeed A, D, C, B.