AG Tansley put forward the concept of ______ in 1935.
ecosystem
Understanding AG Tansley's Concept of the Ecosystem
The question asks about a significant concept introduced by AG Tansley in the year 1935. This is a fundamental concept in the field of ecology.
Who was AG Tansley?
Arthur George Tansley (AG Tansley) was a pioneering English botanist and a founder of British ecology. He made significant contributions to plant ecology and introduced key terminology to the field.
The Concept Introduced in 1935
In 1935, AG Tansley published a paper titled "The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms". In this paper, he introduced a new term to describe the basic unit of nature.
He proposed the term "ecosystem" to encompass the complex interactions between a community of organisms (biotic components) and their physical environment (abiotic components), functioning together as a unit.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the given options in the context of AG Tansley's work and the year 1935:
- ecosystem: This term was indeed coined and defined by AG Tansley in 1935. It represents a core concept in ecology.
- motion: This is a concept from physics, related to change in position over time. It is not associated with AG Tansley's work in ecology.
- zero: This term represents the absence of quantity or value. It is a mathematical concept and unrelated to AG Tansley's ecological contributions.
- respiration: This is a biological process where organisms convert glucose into energy. While crucial for life within ecosystems, the concept of respiration itself was not introduced by AG Tansley in 1935 as a fundamental unit of nature.
Based on historical ecological literature, the concept introduced by AG Tansley in 1935 is the ecosystem.
| Term | Associated Field | AG Tansley (1935) |
|---|---|---|
| Ecosystem | Ecology | Introduced the concept and term in 1935 |
| Motion | Physics | Not related |
| Zero | Mathematics | Not related |
| Respiration | Biology | Not the core concept introduced by him in 1935 |
Therefore, the concept put forward by AG Tansley in 1935 was the ecosystem.
Revision Table: Key Ecological Concepts
| Concept | Definition | Key Figure(s) / Year |
|---|---|---|
| Ecology | Study of interactions between organisms and their environment | Ernst Haeckel (coined term, 1866) |
| Ecosystem | Community of organisms interacting with their physical environment as a unit | AG Tansley (coined term, 1935) |
| Biosphere | Sum of all ecosystems; parts of Earth supporting life | Eduard Suess (concept, 1878), Vladimir Vernadsky (popularized, 1920s) |
| Community | Interacting group of various species in a common location | Various ecologists |
| Population | Group of individuals of the same species living in the same area | Various ecologists |
Additional Information: The Significance of the Ecosystem Concept
AG Tansley's introduction of the term "ecosystem" was a crucial moment in the development of modern ecology. Prior to this, ecological studies often focused solely on biological communities (biotic factors) or the environment (abiotic factors) separately. Tansley emphasized the interconnectedness and interaction between living organisms and their non-living surroundings as a single, functioning system. This holistic view helped ecologists to study nature in a more integrated way, considering energy flow, nutrient cycling, and the dynamic balance within natural units. The ecosystem concept remains central to ecological research and environmental science today.
Important Questions from Invention and Discoveries
Who discovered the first antibiotic 'Penicillin'?
Experiment to prove that synthesis of organic compound formed the basis of life was performed by:
Who among the following scientists invented dynamite?
Who is widely recognized as the father of modern taxonomy?
First time bacteria were observed by
