According to Celestin Bougle, the spirit of the caste system is determined by the mutual repulsion that exists between castes. Identify TWO different aspects in which such mutual repulsion is manifested:
Bougle's Caste Spirit: Mutual Repulsion
Celestin Bougle viewed the essence of the caste system as stemming from mutual repulsion between castes. This principle dictates social separation and interaction rules.
Manifestations of Mutual Repulsion
Bougle identified specific practices that embody this mutual repulsion. Two key manifestations highlighted are:
- Endogamy: The strict rule of marrying only within one's specific caste or sub-caste. This practice prevents social mixing and reinforces group boundaries, reflecting repulsion between different caste groups.
- Commensal Restrictions: These involve limitations on sharing food, water, or dining with members of other castes. Such restrictions signify social distance and avoidance, directly illustrating the concept of mutual repulsion.
Analysis of Other Options
The other options are not direct manifestations of Bougle's concept of mutual repulsion:
- Upward mobility: This relates to changing social status, generally limited within the rigid caste framework and not a primary expression of inter-caste repulsion.
- Westernization: This refers to broader cultural and social changes influenced by the West, which is a different phenomenon from the inherent social distance between castes.
Important Questions from Indian Structure: Caste–Class–Tribe
- Which one or more of the following views on caste can be attributed to B. R. Ambedkar following Annihilation of Caste?
Despite the constitutional provision of equality of all citizens before the law, in practice, Dalits are often excluded from access to common property resources and public spaces (e.g., pastures, water resources etc.)
Which theorist's conceptualization of power best explains this scenario?
Fill in the blank with the correct option.
'Theoretical Brahmins and empirical Shudras' is a phrase used by __________ to castigate the Indian social sciences.
- What is/are the strategy/strategies proposed by B. R Ambedkar for Dalits to overcome caste oppression?
- ___________ approach was NOT propounded by B.S. Cohn as one of the approaches to study Indian civilization.
