The question asks about the biography on which the movie titled "The Man Who Knew Infinity" is based. This movie is a biographical drama that explores the life of a renowned figure.

The Man Who Knew Infinity: Based on a Famous Mathematician

The movie "The Man Who Knew Infinity" tells the story of a brilliant self-taught Indian mathematician and his journey to Cambridge University during World War I. The narrative follows his challenges, discoveries, and collaboration with a prominent English mathematician.

Let's look at the options provided:

• S. Ramanujan: Srinivasa Ramanujan was an Indian mathematician who lived during the British Rule in India. Though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions. His work with G. H. Hardy at Cambridge is a significant part of his life story.
• S. Chandrasekhar: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was an Indian-American astrophysicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1983 for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of stars. His work is primarily in physics and astrophysics, not directly related to the biography depicted in the movie.
• S. N. Bose: Satyendra Nath Bose was an Indian physicist specializing in quantum mechanics. He is best known for his work on quantum statistics, which provided the foundation for the concept of the Bose-Einstein condensate. His contributions are in physics.
• C. V. Raman: Sir C. V. Raman was an Indian physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light, known as the Raman effect. His field is physics.

Based on the biographical subject of "The Man Who Knew Infinity," which focuses on a self-taught Indian mathematician collaborating with a Cambridge professor, the movie is specifically based on the life of S. Ramanujan.

Revision Table: Key Indian Scientists and Mathematicians

Additional Information on S. Ramanujan

Srinivasa Ramanujan's work included pioneering new theorems and independent discoveries of known theorems. His profound and prolific mind led to formulas that were complex and initially difficult for mathematicians at the time to understand or prove. His life story, including his struggles, his passion for mathematics, and his collaboration with G. H. Hardy, makes for a compelling subject, which is why it was chosen for the movie "The Man Who Knew Infinity".