A map shows the elevations of Darjeeling, Gangtok, Kalimpong, Pelling, and Siliguri. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Gangtok, Pelling is at a lower elevation than Gangtok. Pelling is at a higher elevation than Siliguri. Darjeeling is at a higher elevation than Gangtok. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the paragraph above? i. Pelling is at a higher elevation than Kalimpong ii. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling iii. Kalimpong is at a higher elevation than Siliguri
Only ii and iv
Elevation Relationships Analysis
The question provides information about the relative elevations of five different places: Darjeeling, Gangtok, Kalimpong, Pelling, and Siliguri. To determine which statements can be inferred, we need to establish the relationships between their elevations based on the given facts.
Understanding the Given Elevation Facts
Let's list the facts provided in the paragraph using inequality symbols, where '>' means 'at a higher elevation than' and '<' means 'at a lower elevation than'.
- Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Gangtok.
- \(\text{Kalimpong} < \text{Gangtok}\)
- Pelling is at a lower elevation than Gangtok.
- \(\text{Pelling} < \text{Gangtok}\)
- Pelling is at a higher elevation than Siliguri.
- \(\text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\)
- Darjeeling is at a higher elevation than Gangtok.
- \(\text{Darjeeling} > \text{Gangtok}\)
Constructing the Overall Elevation Order
Now, let's combine these facts to create a more complete picture of the elevation relationships:
- We know Darjeeling is higher than Gangtok: \(\text{Darjeeling} > \text{Gangtok}\).
- We know Gangtok is higher than both Kalimpong and Pelling: \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Kalimpong}\) and \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Pelling}\).
- We also know Pelling is higher than Siliguri: \(\text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\).
Combining these, we can establish the following chain for some places:
\(\text{Darjeeling} > \text{Gangtok} > \text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\)
However, the position of Kalimpong relative to Pelling and Siliguri is not directly given. We only know \(\text{Kalimpong} < \text{Gangtok}\).
Evaluating Each Statement for Inference
Statement i: Pelling is at a higher elevation than Kalimpong
- We know \(\text{Pelling} < \text{Gangtok}\) and \(\text{Kalimpong} < \text{Gangtok}\).
- Both Pelling and Kalimpong are at lower elevations than Gangtok.
- However, the information does not provide any direct comparison or implied comparison between Pelling and Kalimpong. We cannot determine if Pelling is higher or lower than Kalimpong.
- For example, if Gangtok is at 1000m, Pelling could be at 800m and Kalimpong at 700m (so Pelling > Kalimpong).
- But Pelling could also be at 700m and Kalimpong at 800m (so Kalimpong > Pelling).
- Therefore, this statement cannot be inferred.
Statement ii: Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling
- We know \(\text{Darjeeling} > \text{Gangtok}\) (Darjeeling is higher than Gangtok).
- We also know \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Kalimpong}\) (Gangtok is higher than Kalimpong).
- Combining these, we get a clear chain: \(\text{Darjeeling} > \text{Gangtok} > \text{Kalimpong}\).
- This logically implies that Darjeeling is at a higher elevation than Kalimpong, or conversely, Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling.
- Therefore, this statement can be inferred.
Statement iii: Kalimpong is at a higher elevation than Siliguri
- We know \(\text{Kalimpong} < \text{Gangtok}\).
- We also know \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\). So, \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Siliguri}\).
- We have Kalimpong is lower than Gangtok, and Siliguri is lower than Gangtok.
- However, there is no direct link or transitive property that allows us to compare Kalimpong and Siliguri.
- For instance, if Gangtok is at 1000m, Pelling at 800m, and Siliguri at 600m. Kalimpong could be at 700m (Kalimpong > Siliguri).
- But Kalimpong could also be at 500m (Kalimpong < Siliguri).
- Therefore, this statement cannot be inferred.
Statement iv: Siliguri is at a lower elevation than Gangtok
- We are given \(\text{Pelling} < \text{Gangtok}\) (Pelling is at a lower elevation than Gangtok).
- We are also given \(\text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\) (Pelling is at a higher elevation than Siliguri).
- Combining these two, we get a clear chain: \(\text{Gangtok} > \text{Pelling} > \text{Siliguri}\).
- This directly implies that Gangtok is at a higher elevation than Siliguri, or conversely, Siliguri is at a lower elevation than Gangtok.
- Therefore, this statement can be inferred.
Conclusion
Based on our analysis, only statements ii and iv can be inferred from the given paragraph.
The inferable statements are:
- ii. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling
- iv. Siliguri is at a lower elevation than Gangtok
Important Questions from Verbal Ability
The intake pipes of nuclear plants and water plants along Great lakes are clogged by a certain variety of mussels that proved to be causing nuisance to the working systems. But it is found that the bags of these calms when suspended in the effluent streams of chemical plants, not only improves quality of water significantly but also remove some hazardous wastes from effluents just by feeding voraciously on the algae that they filter from water that passes by it.
Which one of the inferences given below, if true, is most strongly supported on the basis of information given in the above paragraph?
Complete the sentence choosing the right option:
The governor ______ that it would be a state holiday.
Directions: Which is the appropriate phrasal verb for the word "postpone" in the following sentence?
The Chairman had to postpone the meeting.
"The increased consumption of leafy vegetables in the recent months is a clear indication that the people in the state have begun to lead a healthy lifestyle"
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the information presented in the above statement?
The James Webb telescope, recently launched in space, is giving humankind unprecedented access to the depths of time by imaging very old stars formed almost 13 billion years ago. Astrophysicists and cosmologists believe that this odyssey in space may even shed light on the existence of dark matter. Dark matter is supposed to interact only via the gravitational interaction and not through the electromagnetic-, the weak- or the strong-interaction. This may justify the epithet “dark” in dark matter.
Based on the above paragraph, which one of the following statements is FALSE?
