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Throughout his life and extensive writing career, Radhakrishnan tried to define, defend, and promulgate his religion of Hinduism, Vedanta, and the Spirit. He sought to demonstrate that his Hinduism was both philosophically coherent and ethically viable.
Radhakrishnan’s concern for experience and his extensive knowledge of the Western philosophical and literary traditions has earned him the reputation of being a bridge-builder between India and the West. He often appears to feel at home in the Indian as well as the Western philosophical contexts, and draws from both Western and Indian sources throughout his writings. Owing to this scholarly stand, Radhakrishnan has been held up in academic circles as a representative of Hinduism to the West. His publications have been influential in shaping the understanding of Hinduism, India, and the East by the West.
Radhakrishnan inherited from his upbringing a tacit acceptance of Śankara's Advaita Vedanta and an awareness of the centrality of devotional practices associated with the smarta tradition. Advaita Vedanta is widely considered to be the most influential and most dominant sub-school of the Vedānta school of Hindu philosophy and religious practice. Its teachings have influenced various sects of Hinduism and acquired a broad acceptance in Indian culture and beyond. The key source texts for all schools of Vedānta are the Prasthanatrayi, the canonical texts consisting of the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the Brahma Sutras, of which they give a philosophical interpretation and elucidation.
